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Encyclopedia Britannica



GALL (a word common to many Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch gal, and Ger. Galle; the Indo-European root appears in Gr. xoXi,, and Lat. fel; possibly connected with " yellow," with reference to the colour of bile)

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 412 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GAG-GEO
GALL (a word common to many Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch gal, and Ger. Galle; the Indo-European root appears in Gr. xoXi,, and Lat. fel; possibly connected with " yellow," with reference to the colour of bile) , the secretion of the
liver
  known as " bile," the
term
  being also used of the pear-shaped diverticulum of the bile-duct, which forms a reservoir for the bile, more generally known as the "
gall
 -bladder " (see
LIVER
 ). From the extreme bitterness of the secretion, "
gall
 ," like the Lat. fel, is used for anything extremely
bitter
 , whether actually or metaphorically. From the idea that the gall-bladder was the dominating organ of a
bitter
 ,
sharp
  temperament, " gall " was formerly used in English for such a spirit, and also for one very ready to resent injuries. It thus survives in American
slang
 , with the meaning " impudence " or " assurance."
" Gall," meaning a sore or painful swelling, especially on a horse, may be the same word, derived from an early use of the word as meaning " poison." On the other hand, in Romanic languages, the Fr. galle, Sp. agalla, a wind-gall or puffy distension of the synovial bursa on the fetlock
joint
  of a horse, is derived from the Lat. galla, oak-apple, from which comes the English " gall," meaning an excrescence on trees caused by certain insects. (See
GALLS
 .)


End of Article: GALL (a word common to many Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch gal, and Ger. Galle; the Indo-European root appears in Gr. xoXi,, and Lat. fel; possibly connected with " yellow," with reference to the colour of bile)


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