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Encyclopedia Britannica



GALLIPOLI (anc. Callipolis)

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 420 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GAG-GEO
GALLIPOLI (anc. Callipolis) , a seaport town and episcopal see of Apulia, Italy, in the province of Lecce, 31 m. S. by W. of it by
rail
 , 46 ft. above sea-level. Pop. (1901) town, 10,399; commune, 13,459. It is situated on a rocky
island
  in the Gulf of Taranto; but is united to the mainland by a
bridge
 , protected by
a castle constructed by Charles I. of Anjou. The other fortifications have been removed. The handsome
cathedral
 
dates
  from 1629. The town was once famous for its exports of olive-oil, which was stored, until it clarified, in cisterns cut in the,
rock
 . This still continues, but to a less extent; the export of wine, however, is increasing, and fruit is also exported.
The ancient Callipolis was obviously of Greek origin, as its name (" beautiful city ") shows. It is hardly mentioned in ancient times. Pliny tells us that in his time it was known as Anxa. It lay a little off the road from Tarentum to Hydruntum, but was reached by a branch from Aletium (the site is marked by the
modern
 
church
  of S. Maria della Lizza)., among the ruins of which many Alessapian
inscriptions
 , but no Latin ones, have been found. (T. As.)


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