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Encyclopedia Britannica



GABRIEL (Heb. SKns, man of God)

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 382 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: FRA-GAE
GABRIEL (Heb. SKns, man of God) , in the Bible, the heavenly messenger (see
ANGEL
 ) sent to Daniel to explain the vision of the ram and the he-goat, and to communicate the pre-diction of the Seventy Weeks (Dan. viii. 16, ix. 21). He was also employed to announce the
birth
  of John the Baptist to Zacharias, and that of the
Messiah
  to the Virgin Mary (Luke i. 19, 26). Because he stood in the divine presence (see Luke i. 19; Rev. viii. 2; and cf. Tobit xii. 15), both Jewish and Christian writers generally speak of him as an archangel. In the Book of Enoch " the four
great
  archangels" are Michael, Uriel, Suriel or Raphael, and Gabriel, who is set over " all the
powers
  " and shares the
work
  of intercession. His name frequently occurs in the Jewish literature of the later post-Biblical period. Thus, according to the
Targum
  Pseudo-
Jonathan
 , he was the man who showed the way to Joseph (Gen. xxxvii. 15); and in Deut. xxxiv. 6 it is affirmed that he, along with Michael, Uriel, Jophiel, Jephephiah and the Metatron, buried the
body
  of Moses. In the
Targum
  on 2 Chron. xxxu. 21 he is named as the
angel
  who destroyed the host of
Sennacherib
 ; and in similar writings of a still later period he is spoken of as the spirit who presides over fire, thunder, the ripening of the fruits of the earth and similar processes. In the


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