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Encyclopedia Britannica



FUNDY, BAY OF

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 329 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: FRA-GAE
FUNDY, BAY OF , an inlet of the North
Atlantic
 , separating New Brunswick from Nova Scotia. It is 145 M.
long
  and 48 m. wide at the mouth, but gradually narrows towards the head, where it divides into Chignecto Bay to the north, which sub-divides into Shepody Bay and
Cumberland
  Basin (the French Beaubassin), and Minas Channel, leading into Minas Basin, to the
east
  and
south
 . Off its western shore opens Passamaquoddy Bay, a magnificent sheet of deep water with good anchorage,receiving the waters of the St Croix river and forming part of the boundary between New Brunswick and the state of Maine, The Bay of Fundy is remarkable for the
great
  rise and fall of the tide, which at the head of the bay has been known to reach 62 ft. In Passamaquoddy Bay the rise and fall is about 25 ft., which gradually increases toward the narrow upper reaches. At
spring
  tides the water in the Bay of Fundy is 19 ft. higher than it is in Bay Verte, in Northumberland Strait, only 15 M. distant. Though the bay is deep, navigation is rendered dangerous by the violence and rapidity of the tide, and in summer by frequent fogs. At low tide, at such points as Moncton or Amherst, only an expanse of red mud can be seen, and the tide rushes in a bore or crest from 3 to 6 ft. in height. Large areas of fertile marshes are situated at the head of the bay, and the remains of a submerged forest show that the land has subsided in the latest
geological
  period at least 40 ft. The bay receives the waters of the St Croix and St John rivers, and has numerous harbours, of which the
chief
  are St Andrews (on Passamaquoddy Bay) and St John in New Brunswick, and Digby and Annapolis (on an inlet known as Annapolis Basin) in Nova Scotia. It was first explored by the Sieur de Monts (d. c. 1628) in 1604 and named by him La Baye Francaise.


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