FUJI (Fuji-san, Fujiyama, Fusiyama)

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 291 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: FRA-GAE

FUJI (Fuji-san, Fujiyama, Fusiyama) , a celebrated mountain of Japan,

standing

STANDING

W.S.W. of

Tokyo

TOKYO (or TOKIO, formerly called Yedo)

, its base being about 70 M. by rail from that city. It rises to a height of 12,395 ft. and its southern slopes reach the shore of Suruga Bay. It is a

cone

CONE (Gr. Kwvos)

of beautifully simple form, the more striking to view because it stands isolated; but its summit is not conical, being broken by a crater some 2000 ft. in

diameter

DIAMETER (from the Cr. &a, through, µErpov, measure)

, for Fuji is a quiescent volcano. Small outbursts of steam are still to be observed at some points. An eruption is recorded so lately as the first decade of the 18th century. The mountain is the resort of

great

GREAT

numbers of pilgrims (see also JAPAN).
FU-KIEN (formerly MIN), a south-eastern province of China, bounded N. by the province of Cheh-kiang, S. by that of Kwangtung, W. by that of Kiang-si and E. by the sea. It occupies an area of 53,480 sq. m. and its population is estimated at 20,000,000. The provincial

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

is Fuchow Fu, and it is divided into eleven prefectures, besides that ruled over by the prefect of the

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

city. Fu-kien is generally mountainous, being overspread by the Nan-shan ranges, which run a general course of N.E. and S.W.
The principal river is the Min, which is formed by the junction, in the neighbourhood of the city of Yen-p'ing Fu, of three rivers, namely, the Nui-si, which takes its rise in the mountains on the western frontier in the prefecture of Kien-ning Fu, the Fuh-tun Ki, the source of which is found in the

district

DISTRICT

of Kwang-tsih in the north-west of the province, and the Ta-shi-ki (Shao Ki), which rises in the mountains in the western

district

DISTRICT

of Ning-hwa. From Yen-p'ing Fu the river takes a south-easterly course, and after passing along the south face of the city of Fuchow Fu, empties itself into the sea about 30 M. below that town. Its upper course is narrow and rocky and abounds in rapids, but as it approaches Fuchow Fu the channel widens and the current becomes slow and even. Its depth is very irregular, and it is navigable only by native boats of a small class. Two other rivers flow into the sea near Amoy, neither of which, however, is navigable for any distance from its mouth owing to the shallows and rapids with which they abound. Thirty-five miles inland from Amoy stands the city of Chang Chow, famous for the bridge which there spans the Kin-lung river. This bridge is 800 ft. long, and consists of granite monoliths stretching from one abutment to another. The soil of the province is, as its name, " Happy

Establishment

ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement,
late
- LATE
Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

," indicates, very productive, and the scenery is of a rich and varied character. Most of the hills are covered with verdure, and the less rugged are laid out in terraces. The principal products of the province are tea, of which the best kind is that known as Bohea, which takes its name, by a mispronunciation, from the Wu-e Mountains, in the prefecture of Kien-ning Fu, where it is grown; grains of various kinds, oranges, plantins, lichis, bamboo, ginger, gold, silver, lead, tin, iron, salt (both marine and rock), deers' horns, beeswax, sugar, fish, birds' nests, medicine,

paper

PAPER
PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

, cloth, timber, &c. Fu-kien has three open ports, Fuchow Fu opened in 1842, Amoy opened to trade in the same year and Funing. The latter port was only opened to foreign trade in 1898, but in 1904 it imported and exported goods to the value of 17668 and 278,16o respectively.

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