FREDERICK CHARLES (FRIEDRICH KARL NIKOLAUS), PRINCE (1828-1885)

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 61 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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FREDERICK CHARLES (FRIEDRICH KARL NIKOLAUS), PRINCE (1828-1885) , Prussian general field

marshal

MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

, son of Prince Charles of Prussia and grandson of King Frederick William III., was born in Berlin on the loth of

March

1828. He was educated for the army, which he entered on his tenth birthday as second

lieutenant

LIEUTENANT

in the 14th Foot Guards. He became first

lieutenant

LIEUTENANT

in 1844, and in 1846 entered the university of

Bonn

BONN

, where he stayed for two years, being accompanied throughout by Major von Roon, afterwards the famous war minister. In 1848 he became a company

commander

COMMANDER

in his

regiment

REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

, and soon after-wards served in the Schleswig-Holstein War on the staff of

Marshal

MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

von

Wrangel

, being present at the battle of Schleswig (April 23, 1848). Later in 1848 he became Riltmeister in the Garde du Corps cavalry

regiment

REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

, and in 1849 major in the Guard Hussars. In this year the prince took part in the campaign against the Baden insurgents, and was wounded at the action of Wiesenthal while leading a desperate charge against entrenched infantry. After this experience the wild courage of his youth gave place to the unshakable resolution which afterwards characterized the prince's generalship. In 1852 he became colonel, and in 1854 major-general and

commander

COMMANDER

of a cavalry brigade. In this capacity he was brought closely in

touch

TOUCH (derived through Fr. toucher from a common Teutonic and Indo-Germanic root, cf. " tug," " tuck," O. H. Ger. zucchen, to twitch or draw)

with General von Reyher, the

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

of the general staff, and with Moltke. He married, in the same year, Princess Marie Anne of Anhalt. In 18J7 he became commander of the 1st Guard Infantry division, but very shortly afterwards, on account of disputes concerned with the training methods then in force, he resigned the appointment.
In 1858 he visited France, where he minutely investigated the state of the French army, but it was not

long

LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

before he was recalled, for in 1859, in consequence of the Franco-Austrian War, Prussia mobilized her forces, and Frederick Charles was made a divisional commander in the II. army corps. In this post he was given the liberty of action which had previously been denied to him. About this time (186o) the prince gave a lecture to the officers of his command on the French army and its methods, the substance of which (Fine mill-tarische Denkschrift

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