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Encyclopedia Britannica



FREDERICK AUGUSTUS HERVEY

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 576 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: FRA-GAE
FREDERICK AUGUSTUS HERVEY ,
bishop
  of Derry (1730-1803), who now became 4th
earl
  of Bristol, was born on the 1st of August 1730, and educated at Westminster school and Corpus Christi College,
Cambridge
 , graduating in 1754. Entering the church he became a royal chaplain; and while waiting for other preferment spent some time in Italy, whither he was led by his
great
 
interest
  in art. In February 1767, while his brother, the 2nd
earl
 , was lord-lieutenant of Ireland, he was made
bishop
  of Cloyne, and having improved the property of the see he was translated to the rich bishopric of Derry a year later. Here again he was active and philanthropic. While not neglecting his luxurious personal tastes he spent large sums of money on making roads and assisting agriculture, and his munificence was shared by the city of Londonderry. He built splendid residences at Downhill and Ballyscullion, which he adorned with rare works of art. As a bishop, Hervey was industrious and vigilant; he favoured complete religious equality, and was opposed to the system of tithes. In December 1779 he became earl of Bristol, and in spite of his brother's will succeeded to a considerable property. Having again passed some time in Italy, he returned to Ireland and in 1782 threw himself ardently into the Irish volunteer
movement
 , quickly attaining a prominent position among the volunteers, and in
great
  state attending the convention held in Dublin in November 1783. Carried away by his position and his popularity he talked loudly of rebellion, and his violent language led the government to contemplate his arrest. Subsequently he took no part in politics, spending his later years mainly on the continent of Europe. In 1798 he was imprisoned by the French at
Milan
 , remaining in custody for eighteen months. He died at Albano on the 8th of July 1803, and was buried in Ickworth church. Varying estimates have been found of his character, including favourable ones by John Wesley and
Jeremy
  Bentham. He was undoubtedly clever and cultured, but licentious and eccentric. In later life he openly professed materialistic opinions; he fell in love with the countess Lichtenau, mistress of Frederick William II., king of Prussia; and by his bearing he gave fresh point to the saying that " God created men, women and Herveys." In 1752 he had married Elizabeth (d. 1800), daughter of Sir Jermyn Davers, Bart., by whom he had two sons and three daughters. His elder son,
Augustus
  John, Lord Hervey 0757-1796), had predeceased his father, and he was succeeded in the title by his younger son.


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