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Encyclopedia Britannica



FRASCATI

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 38 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: FRA-GAE
FRASCATI , a town and episcopal see of Italy, in the province of Rome, 15 M. S.E. of Rome by rail, and also reached by electric tramway via Grottaferrata. Pop. (19or) 8453. The town is situated 1o56 ft. above the sea-level, on the N. slopes of the outer crater ring of the Alban Hills, and commands a very fine view of the Campagna of Rome. The cathedral contains a memorial tablet to Charles Edward, the Young Pretender, whose
body
  for some while rested here; his brother, Henry, Cardinal
York
 , owned a villa at Frascati. The villas of the Roman
nobility
 , with their beautiful gardens and fountains, are the
chief
  attraction of Frascati. The earliest in date is the Villa Falconieri, planned by Cardinal Ruffini before 1550; the most important of the rest are the Villa Torlonia (formerly Conti), Lancelotti (formerly Piccolomini), Ruffinella (now belonging to Prince Lancellotti), Aldobrandini, Borghese and Mondragone (now a Jesuit school). The surrounding country, covered with remains of ancient villas, is fertile and noted for its wine. Frascati seems to have arisen on the site of a very large ancient villa, which, under Domitian at any rate, belonged to the imperial
house
  about the 9th century in which period we find in the Liber Pontificalis the names of four churches in Frascata. The medieval- stronghold of the counts of Tusculum (q.v.), which occupied the site of the ancient city, was dismantled by the Romans in 1191, and the inhabitants put to the sword or mutilated. Many of the fugitives naturally took
refuge
  in Frascati. The see of Tusculum had, however, always had its cathedral church in Frascati. For the greater part of the middle ages Frascati belonged to the papacy.
See G. Tomassetti, La Via
Latina
  nel medio evo (Rome, 1886), 17o seq.; T. Ashby in Papers of the British School at Rome, iv. (London, 1907). (T. As.)


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