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Encyclopedia Britannica



FORLORN HOPE

This article appears in Volume V10, Page 667 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: FLA-FRA
FORLORN HOPE (through Dutch verloren hoop, from Ger. verlorene Haufe=" lost troop "; Haufe, " heap," being equivalent in the 17th
century
  to "
body
  of troops "; the French
equivalent is enfants perdus) , a military
term
  (sometimes shortened to " forlorn "), used in the 16th and 17th centuries for a
body
  of troops thrown out in front of the line of battle to engage the hostile line, somewhat after the fashion of skirmishers, though they were always solid closed bodies. These troops ran
great
  risks, because they were often trapped between the two lines of battle as the latter closed upon one another, and fired upon or ridden down by their friends; further, their mission was to facilitate the attacks of their own main body by striking the first
blow
  against or
meeting
  the first
shock
  of the fresh and unshaken enemy. In the following
century
  (18th), when lines of masses were no longer employed, a thin line of skirmishers alone preceded the three-deep line of battle, but the
term
  " forlorn
hope
  " continued to be used for picked bodies of men entrusted with dangerous tasks, and in particular for the storming party at the assault of a fortress. In this last sense " forlorn
hope
  " is often used at the present time. The misunderstanding of the word " hope " has led to various applications of " forlorn hope," such as to an enterprise offering little chance of success, or, further still from the
original
  meaning, to the faint or desperate hope of such success.


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