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Encyclopedia Britannica



FOOT

This article appears in Volume V10, Page 617 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: FLA-FRA
FOOT , the lower part of the leg, in vertebrate animals consisting of tarsus, metatarsus and phalanges, on which the
body
  rests when in an upright position,
standing
  or moving (see ANATOMY: Superficial and Artistic; and SKELETON: Appendicular). The word is also applied to such parts of invertebrate animals as serve as a foot, either for
movement
  or attachment to a surface. " Foot " is a word common in various forms to Indo-European languages, Dutch, voet, Ger. Fuss, Dan. fod, &c. The Aryan root is pod-, which appears in Sans. pud, Gr. Brous, ao36s, and Lat. pes, pedis. From the resemblance to the foot, in regard to its position, as the base of anything, or as the lowest member of the
body
 , or in regard to its
function
  of
movement
 , the word is applied to the lowest part of a hill or
mountain
 , the
plate
  of a sewing-
machine
  which holds the material in position, to the part of an organ pipe below the mouth, and the like. In printing the bottom of a type is divided by a groove into two portions known as " feet." Probably referring to the beating of the
rhythm
  with the foot in dancing, the Gr. ram and Lat. pes were applied in prosody to a grouping of syllables, one of which is stressed, forming the division of a verse. " Foot," i.e. foot-soldier, was
formerly, with an ordinal number prefixed, the name of the infantry regiments of the British army. It is now superseded by territorial designations, but it still is used in the four regiments of the infantry of the Household, the Foot Guards. As a lineal measure of length the " foot " is of
great
  antiquity, estimated originally by the length of a man's foot (see WEIGHTS AND
MEASURES
 ). For the ceremonial washing of feet, see MAUNDY


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