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Encyclopedia Britannica



FLUORENE (a-diphenylene methane), C13H16

This article appears in Volume V10, Page 575 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: FLA-FRA
FLUORENE (a-diphenylene methane), C13H16 or .(
C6H4
 )2CH2, a hydrocarbon found in coal-tar. It is obtained from the higher boiling fractions, after separation of naphthalene and anthracene, by fractional
distillation
 , the portion boiling between 290340 C. being taken. The fluorene is separated from this by placing it in a freezing mixture, and is then redistilled or crystallized from glacial acetic acid, or purified by means of its picrate. It may be prepared by distilling diphenylene ketone over
zinc
  dust, or by
heating
  it with hydriodic acid and
phosphorus
  to 1 5016o C.; and also by passing the vapour of
diphenyl
  methane through a red hot tube. It crystallizes in colourless plates, possessing a
violet
  fluorescence, melting at 112113 and boiling at 293295 C. By oxidation with chromic acid in glacial acetic acid solution, it is converted into diphenylene ketone (CsH4)zCO; whilst on
heating
  with hydriodic acid and
phosphorus
  to 250260 C. it gives a hydro derivative of
composition
  C13H22.


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