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FITCH, SIR JOSHUA GIRLING (1824-1903) , English educationist, second son of Thomas Fitch, of a Colchester family, was born in Southwark, London, in '824. His parents were poor but intellectually inclined, and at an early age Fitch started work as an assistant master in the British and Foreign School Society's elementary school in the Borough Road, founded by Thomas Lancaster . But he continued to educate himself by assiduous reading and attending classes at University College; he was made headmaster of another school at Kingsland; and in '85o he took his B.A. degree at London University, proceeding M.A. two years later. In 1852 he was appointed by the British and Foreign School Society to a tutorship at their Training College in the Borough Road, soon becoming vice-principal and in '856 principal. He had previously done some occasional teaching there, and he was thoroughly imbued with the Lancasterian system. In '863 he was appointed a government inspector of schools for the York district, from which, after intervals in which he was detached for work as an assistant commissioner (1865-'867) on the Schools Inquiry Commission, as special commissioner (1869), and as an assistant commissioner under the Endowed Schools Act (187o-1877), he was transferred in '877 to East Lambeth. In 1883 he was made a chief inspector, to superintend the eastern counties, and in 1885 chief inspector of training colleges, a post he held till he retired in '894. In the course of an extraordinarily active career, he acquired a unique acquaintance with all branches of education, and became a recognized authority on the subject, his official reports, lectures and books having a great influence on the development of education in England. He was a strong advocate and supporter of the movement for the higher education of women, and he was constantly looked to for counsel and direction on every sort of educational subject; his wide knowledge, safe judgment and amiable character made his co-operation of exceptional value, and after he retired from official life his services were in active request in inquiries and on boards and committees. In 1896 he was knighted; and besides receiving such academic distinctions as the LL.D. degree from St Andrews University, he was made a chevalier of the French Legion of Honour in '889. He was a constant contributor to the leading reviews; he published an important series of Lectures on Teaching (1881), Educational Aims and Methods, Notes on American Schools and Colleges (1887), and an authoritative criticism of Thomas and Matthew Arnold , and their Influence on English Education (see also the article on ARNOLD , MATTHEW) in '9o'; and he wrote the article on EDUCATION in the supplementary volumes (loth edition) of this encyclopaedia (1902). He died on the '4th of July 1903 in London. A civil list pension was given to his widow, whom, as Miss Emma Wilks, he had married in '856.
See also Sir Joshua Fitch, by the Rev. A. L. Lilley (1906).
End of Article: FITCH, SIR JOSHUA GIRLING (1824-1903)
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