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Encyclopedia Britannica



FILARIASIS

This article appears in Volume V10, Page 339 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: FAT-FLA
FILARIASIS , the name of a disease due to the nematode Filaria sanguinis honainis. A milky
appearance
  of the urine, due to the presence of a substance like chyle, which forms a clot, had been observed from time to time, especially in tropical and subtropical countries; and it was proved by Dr Wucherer of Bahia, and by Dr Timothy
Lewis
 , that this
peculiar
 
condition
  is uniformly associated with the presence in the blood of minute eel-like worms, visible only under the microscope, being the embryo forms of a Filaria (see NEMATODA). Sometimes the discharge of lymph takes place at one or more points of the surface of the
body
 , and there is in other cases a
condition
  of naevoid
elephantiasis
  of the scrotum, or lymph-scrotum. More or less of blood may occur along with the chylous fluid in the urine. Both the chyluria and the presence of filariae in the blood are curiously intermittent; it may happen that not a single filaria is to be seen during the daytime, while they swarm in the blood at night, and it has been ingeniously shown by Dr S. Mackenzie that they may be made to disappear if the patient sits up all night, reappearing while he sleeps through the day.
Sir P.
Manson
  proved that mosquitoes imbibe the embryo filariae from the blood of man; and that many of these reach full development within the mosquito, acquiring their freedom when the latter resorts to water, where it dies after depositing its eggs. Mosquitoes would thus be the intermediate host of the filariae, and their introduction into the human
body
  would be through the
medium
  of water (see PARASITIC DISEASES).


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