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Encyclopedia Britannica



FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)

This article appears in Volume V10, Page 158 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: EUD-FAT
FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family) , an adjective, properly meaning belonging to the family or
household
 , but in this sense the word is rare. The more usual meanings are: friendly, intimate, well known; and from its application to the easy relationsof intimate friends the
term
  may be used in an invidious sense of "free and easy " conduct on the
part
  of any one not justified by any close relationship, friendship or intimacy.
FAMILY
"
Familiar
 " is, however, also used as a substantive, especially of the spirit or demon which attended on a wizard or magician, and was summoned to execute his master's wishes. The
idea
  underlies the notion of the Christian guardian
angel
  and of the Roman genius natalis (see DEMONOLOGY; WITCHCRAFT). In the Roman
Church
  the
term
  is applied to persons attached to the
household
  of the
pope
  or of bishops. These must actually do some domestic service. They are supported by their patron, and enjoy privileges which in the case of the papal familiars are considerable. " Familiars of the Holy Office " were lay
officers
  of the
Inquisition
 , whose functions were chiefly those of police, in making arrests, &c., of persons charged.


End of Article: FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)


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