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Encyclopedia Britannica



FACTION (through the French, from Lat. factio, a company of persons combined for action, facere, to do; from the other French derivative facon comes " fashion ")

This article appears in Volume V10, Page 121 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: EUD-FAT
FACTION (through the French, from Lat. factio, a company of persons combined for action, facere, to do; from the other French derivative facon comes " fashion ") , a
term
 , used especially with an opprobrious meaning, for a
body
  of partisans who put their party aims and interests above those of the state or public, and employ unscrupulous or questionable means; it is thus a common
term
  of reciprocal abuse between parties. In the history of the Roman and Later Roman empires the factions ( factiones) of the
circus
  and
hippodrome
 , at Rome and
Constantinople
 , played a prominent
part
  in politics. The factibnes were properly the four companies into which the charioteets were divided, and distinguished by the colours they wore. Originally at Rome there were only two,
white
  (albata) and red (rztssata), when each race was open to two chariots only; on the increase to four, the green (prasina) and blue (veneta) were added. At
Constantinople
  the last two absorbed the red and
white
  factions.
For a brilliant description of the factions at Constantinople- under Justinian, and the
part
  they played in the celebrated 'Nika riot in January 532, see Gibbon's Decline and Fall, ch. xl.; and J. B. Bury's Appendix to in vol. iv. of his edition (1898), for a discussion of the relationship between the factiones and the demes of Constantinople.


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