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Encyclopedia Britannica



FABRICIUS, JOHANN CHRISTIAN (1745-18o8)

This article appears in Volume V10, Page 119 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: EUD-FAT
FABRICIUS, JOHANN CHRISTIAN (1745-18o8) , Danish
entomologist and economist, was born at Tondern in Schleswig on the 7th of January 1745. After studying at Altona and Copenhagen, he was sent to
Upsala
 , where he attended the lectures of Linnaeus. He devoted his attention professionally to political
economy
 , and, after lecturing on that subject in 1769, was appointed in 1775 professor of natural history,
economy
  and finance at Kiel, in which capacity he wrote various works, chiefly referring to Denmark, and of no
special
 
interest
 . He also published a few other works on general and natural history, botany and travel (including Reise nach Norwegen, 1779), and, although his professional stipend was small, he extended his personal researches into every town in northern and central Europe where a natural history museum was to be found. It is as an entomologist that his memory survives, and for many years his
great
  scientific reputation rested upon the system of classification which he founded upon the structure of the mouth-organs instead of the wings. He had a keen eye for specific differences, and possessed the art of terse and accurate description.
He died on the 3rd of March 18o8.
A complete
list
  of his entomological publications (31) will be found in
Hagen
 's Bibliotheca Entomologiae; the following are the
chief
  :Systema Entomologiae (1775) ; Genera Insectorum (1776) ; Philosophic Entomologica (1778); Species Insectorum (1781); Mantissa Insectorum (1787); Entomologia Systematica (1792-1i94), with a supplement (1798); Systema Eleutheratorum (1801), Rhyngotorum (1803), Piezatorum (1804), and Antliatorum (18o5). Full particulars of his life will be found, with a portrait, in the Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (1845), 4, pp. i-xvi, where his auto-biography is translated from the Danish.


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