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Encyclopedia Britannica



ERMAN, PAUL (1764-1851)

This article appears in Volume V09, Page 749 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: EMS-EUD
ERMAN, PAUL (1764-1851) , German physicist, was born in Berlin on the 29th of
February
  1764. He was the son of the historian
Jean
  Pierre
Erman
  (17351814), author of Histoire des refugies. He became teacher of science successively at the French gymnasium in Berlin, and at the military
academy
 , and on the foundation of the university of Berlin in 1870 he was chosen professor of physics. He died at Berlin on the 11th of October 1851. His
work
  was mainly concerned with electricity and magnetism, though he also made some contributions to optics and
physiology
 . His son, GEORG ADOLF
ERMAN
  (18061877), was born in Berlin on the 12th of May 18o6, and after studying natural science at Berlin and
Konigsberg
 , spent from 1828 to 1830 in a journey round the world, an account of which he published in Reise um die Erde durch Nordasien and die beiden Ozeane (18331848). The magnetic observations he made during his travels were utilized by C. F. Gauss in his theory of terrestrial magnetism. He was appointed professor of physics at Berlin in 1839, and died there on the 12th of July 1877, From 1841 to 1865 he edited the Archie fur wissenschaftliche Kunde von Russland, and in 1874 he published, with H. J. R. Petersen, Die Grundlagen der Gauss'schen Theorie and die Erscheinungen des Erdmagnetismus im Jahre 1829.
His son JOHANN PETER ADOLF ERMAN (1854 ), a famous Egyptologist, was born in Berlin on the 31st of October 1854. Educated at
Leipzig
  and Berlin, he became extraordinary professor in 1883 and
ordinary
  professor in 1892 of Egyptology in the university of Berlin, and in 1885 he was appointed director of the Egyptian department of the royal museum. For an account of the Egyptological
work
  of Erman and his school, see
EGYPT
 : Language.


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