EPSOM

This article appears in Volume V09, Page 709 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: EMS-EUD

EPSOM , a market town in the Epsom parliamentary division of Surrey, England, 14 m. S.W. by S. of London Bridge. Pop. of urban

district

DISTRICT

(1901), 10,915. It is served by the London &

South

SOUTH
SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

-Western and the London,

Brighton

BRIGHTON

South

SOUTH
SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

Coast

COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

railways, and on the racecourse on the neighbouring Downs there is a station (Tattenham Corner) of the South-Eastern & Chatham railway. The principal building is the parish church of St Martin, a good example of modern

Gothic

GOTHIC

, the interior of which contains some fine sculptures by Flaxrnan and Chantrey. Epsom (a contraction of Ebbisham, still the name of the manor) first came into notice when

mineral

MINERAL

springs were discovered there
about 1618. For some time after their discovery the town enjoyed a wonderful degree of prosperity. After the Restoration it was often visited by Charles II., and when Queen Anne came to the throne, her husband, Prince George of Denmark, made it his frequent resort. Epsom gradually lost its celebrity as a spa, but the annual races held on its downs arrested the decay of the town. Races appear to have been established here as early as James I's residence at Nonsuch, but they did not assume a permanent character until 1730. The principal racesthe Derby and Oaksare named after one of the earls of Derby and his seat, the Oaks, which is in the neighbourhood. The latter race was established in 1779, and the former in the following year. The

spring

SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

races are held on a Thursday and Friday towards the close of April; and the

great

GREAT

Epsom meeting takes place on the Tuesday and three following days immediately before Whitsuntide,the Derby on the Wednesday, and the Oaks on the Friday (see HORSE-RACING). The grand stand was erected in 1829, and subsequently enlarged; and there are numerous training stables in the vicinity. Close to the town are the extensive buildings of the Royal Medical Benevolent College, commonly called Epsom College, founded in 1855. Scholars on the foundation must be the sons of medical men, but in other respects the school is open. In the neighbourhood is the Durdans, a seat of the

earl

EARL

of Rosebery.

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