EPICYCLE (Gr. upon, and KuKXos, circle)

This article appears in Volume V09, Page 686 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: EMS-EUD

EPICYCLE (Gr. upon, and KuKXos, circle) , in

ancient

astronomy, a small circle the centre of which describes a larger one. It was especially used to represent geometrically the periodic apparent

retrograde

RETROGRADE (from the Lat. retro, backwards, gradiri, to go)

motion of the

outer

OUTER

planets

PLANETS, MINOR

Mars

Jupiter

JUPITER

and

Saturn

SATURN
SATURN [SATURNUS]

, which we now know to be due to the

annual

ANNUAL

revolution of the

earth

EARTH
EARTH (a word
common
- COMMON
to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Erde, Dutch aarde, Swed. and Dan. jord; outside Teutonic it appears only in the Gr. 'pq'e, on the ground; it has been connected by some etymologists with the Aryan root ar-, to plough, which is seen in
EARTH, FIGURE OF
EARTH, FIGURE OF THE

around the sun, but which in the Ptolemaic astronomy were taken to be real.

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