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Encyclopedia Britannica



ENSIGN (through the Fr. enseigne from the Latin plural insignia)

This article appears in Volume V09, Page 653 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: EMS-EUD
ENSIGN (through the Fr. enseigne from the Latin plural insignia) , a distinguishing token, emblem or badge such as symbols of office, or in'heraldry, the
ornament
  or sign, such as the crown, coronet or mitre borne above the charge or arms. The word is more particularly used of a military or naval standard or banner. In the British navy,
ensign
  has a specific meaning, and is the name of a flag having a red,
white
  or blue ground, with the
Union
  Jack in the upper corner next the staff. The
white
 
ensign
  (which is sometimes further distinguished by having the St George's
Cross
  quartered upon it) is only used in the royal navy and the royal yacht
squadron
 , while the blue and red ensigns are the badges of the naval reserve, some privileged companies, and the merchant service respectively (see FLAG). Until 1871 the lowest grade of commissioned
officers
  in infantry regiments of the British army had the title of ensign (now replaced by that of second
lieutenant
 ). It is the duty of the
officers
  of this rank to carry the colours of the
regiment
  (see COLOURS, MILITARY). In the 16th
century
  ensign was corrupted into " ancient," and was used in the two senses of a banner and the bearer of the banner. In the United States navy, the title ensign superseded in 1862 that of passed midshipman. It designates an officer ranking with second
lieutenant
  in the army.


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