ENGIS

This article appears in Volume V09, Page 408 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: EMS-EUD

ENGIS , a cave on the banks of the Meuse near Liege, Belgium, where in 1832 Dr P. C. Schmerling found human remains in deposits belonging to the

Quaternary

QUATERNARY

period. Bones of the cave-

bear

, mammoth,

rhinoceros

RHINOCEROS

and hyena were discovered in association with parts of a man's skeleton and a human Skull. This, known as " the Engis Skull," gave rise to much discussion among anthropologists, since it has characteristics of both high and low development, the forehead, low and narrow, indicating slight intelligence, while the abnormally large brain cavity contradicts this conclusion. Of it Huxley wrote: " There is no mark of degradation about any

part

PART

of its structure. It is a

fair

FAIR

average

AVERAGE

human skull, which might have belonged to a philosopher, or might have contained the thoughtless brains of a

savage

." Dr Schmerling concluded that the human remains were those of man who had been contemporary with the

extinct

EXTINCT

mammals. As, however, fragments of coarse pottery were found in the cave which bore other evidence of having been used by neolithic man, by whom the cave-floor and its contents might have been disturbed and mixed, his arguments have not been regarded as conclusive. There is, however, no doubt as to the

great

GREAT

age of the Engis Skull. Discoveries of a like nature were made by Dr Schmerling in the neighbourhood in the caves of Engihoul, Chokier and others.
See P. C. Schmerling, Recherches sur les ossements decouverts clans les cavernes de la province Liege (1833); Huxley, Man's Place in Nature, p. 156; Lord Avebury, Prehistoric Times, p. 317 (1900).

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