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Encyclopedia Britannica



ENCINA, JUAN DEL (1469c.1533)

This article appears in Volume V09, Page 369 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: EMS-EUD
ENCINA, JUAN DEL (1469c.1533) , often called the founder of the Spanish drama, was born in 1469 near Salamanca probably at Encinas. On leaving the university of Salamanca he became a member of the
household
  of the second duke of Alva. In 1492 the poet entertained his patron with a dramatic piece, the Triunfo de la lama, written to commemorate the fall of
Granada
 . In 1496 he published his Cancionero, a collection of dramatic and lyrical poems. Some years afterwards he visited Rome, attracted the attention of Alexander VI. by his skill in music, and was appointed choirmaster. About 1518
Encina
  took orders, and made a
pilgrimage
  to Jerusalem, where he said his first
mass
 . Since 1509 he had held a lay canonry at Malaga; in 1519 he was appointed prior of Leon and is said to have died at Salamanca about 1533. His Cancionero is preceded by a
prose
  treatise (Arte de trobar) on the
condition
  of the poetic art in Spain. His fourteen dramatic pieces mark the transition from the purely ecclesiastical to the secular stage. The Aucto del Repel6n and the Egloga de Fileno dramatize the adventures of shepherds; the latter, like Pldcida y Vitoriano, is strongly influenced by the
Celestina
 . The intrinsic
interest
  of
Encina
 's plays is slight, but they are important from the historical point of view, for the lay pieces form a new departure, and the devout eclogues prepare the way for the autos of the 17th century. Moreover, Encina's
lyrical poems are remarkable for their intense sincerity and
devout grace.


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