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Encyclopedia Britannica



ELLIS, WILLIAM (1794 1872)

This article appears in Volume V09, Page 294 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ECG-EMS
ELLIS, WILLIAM (1794 1872) , English Nonconformist missionary, was born in London on the 29th of August 1794. His boyhood and youth were spent at Wisbeach, where he worked as a market-gardener. In 1814 he offered himself to the London Missionary Society, and was accepted. During a year's training he acquired some knowledge of theology and of various
practical
  arts, such as printing and bookbinding. He sailed for the
South
  Sea Islands in January 1816, and remained in
Polynesia
 , occupying various stations in succession, until 1824, when he was compelled to return
home
  on account of the state of his wife's health. Though the period of his residence in the islands was thus comparatively short, his labours were very fruitful, contributing perhaps as much as those of any other missionary to bring about the extraordinary improvement in the religious, moral and social
condition
  of the Pacific Archipelago that took place during the 19th century. Besides promoting the spiritual object of his mission, he introduced many other aids to the improvement of the
condition
  of the people. His gardening experience enabled him successfully to acclimatize many species of tropical fruits and plants, and he set up and worked the first printing
press
  in the
South
  Seas. Returning
home
  by way of the United States, where he advocated his
work
 , Ellis was for some years employed as a travelling agent of the London Missionary Society, and in 1832 was appointed foreign secretary to the society, an office which he held for seven years. In 1837 he married his second wife, Sarah Stickney, a writer and teacher of some note in her generation. In 1841 he went to live at Hoddesdon, Herts, and ministered to a small Congregational
church
  there. On behalf of the London Missionary Society he paid three visits to Madagascar (18531857), inquiring into the prospects for resuming the
work
  that had been suspended by Queen Ranavolona's hostility. A further visit was paid in 1863. Ellis wrote accounts of all his travels, and Southey's praise (in the Quarterly
Review
 ) of his Polynesian Researches (2 vols., 1829) finds many echoes.
He was a fearless, upright and tactful man, and a keen observer of nature. He died on the 25th of June 1872.


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