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Encyclopedia Britannica



EDAM

This article appears in Volume V08, Page 921 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ECG-EMS
EDAM , a town of Holland in the province of North Holland, close to the Zuider Zee, about 13 M. N.N.E. of Amsterdam by steam tramway. It is connected with the Zuider Zee by a fine canal protected by a large sea-lock (1828), and has regular steam-boat communication in various directions. Pop. (1900) 6444. The many quaint old brick houses form the
chief
  feature of
interest
  in the town. The facades are frequently adorned with carvings and
inscriptions
 , one of which records the legend of the capture of a siren in 1403, who lived for some time among the people of Edam, but escaped again to the sea. The
Great
  Church of St Nicholas, probably founded in the 14th century, was largely rebuilt after a fire in 1602, which, originating in the church, destroyed nearly the whole town. It contains some fine stained glass and carved woodwork of this period. The Little Church (15th century) was demolished in 1883, except for a portion of the
nave
  and the old tower and steeple, from which the bells curiously project. The town
hall
 
dates
  from 1737, and there is a museum founded in 1895. Edam has some trade in timber, while shipbuilding, rope-spinning and salt-boiling are also carried on. It gives its name to the description of " sweet-milk cheese " (zoetemelks kaas) made throughout North Holland, which is familiar on account of its round shape and red rind.
Edam took its name and origin from the dam built on the little river Ye which joined the
great
  Purmer lake close by. Free access to the Zuider Zee was obtained by the construction of a new dock in 1357, in which year the town also received civic rights from William V. of Bavaria, count of Holland. Owing to the danger of the extension of the Purmer and Beemster lakes, Philip II. of Spain caused a sluice to be built into the dock in 1567. In the next century Edam was a great shipbuilding centre, and nearly the whole of Admiral de Ruyter's
fleet
  was built here; but in the same century the harbour began to get blocked up, and the importance and industrial activity of the city slowly waned.


End of Article: EDAM


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