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Encyclopedia Britannica



ECCLES

This article appears in Volume V08, Page 847 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: DRO-ECG
ECCLES , a municipal borough in the Eccles parliamentary division of Lancashire, England, 4 M. W. of Manchester, of which it forms practically a suburb. Pop. (19o1) 34,369. It is served by the London & North-Western railway and by the Birkenhead railway (North-Western and Great Western joint). The Manchester Ship Canal passes through. The church of St Mary is believed to date from the 12th century, but. has been enlarged and wholly restored in modern times. There are several hand-some modern churches and chapels, a town
hall
 , and numerous
cotton
  mills, while silk-throwing and the manufacture of fustians and ginghams are also among the industries, and there are also large
engine
  works. A peculiar form of cake is made here, taking name from the town, and has a wide reputation. Eccles was incorporated in 1892, and the
corporation
  consists of a mayor, 6 aldermen and 18 councillors. The borough maintains the tramway service, &c., but water and gas are supplied from Manchester and Salford respectively. Area, 2057 acres.
Before the Reformation the monks of Whalley Abbey had a grange here at what is still called Monks'
Hall
 ; and in 1864 many thousands of silver pennies of Henry III. and John of
England and William I. of Scotland were discovered near the spot. Robert Ainsworth, the author of the Latin and English dictionary so long familiar to English students, was born at Eccles in 166o; and it was at the vicarage that William Huskisson expired on the 15th of September 183o from injuries received at the opening of the Liverpool & Manchester railway. From early times " wakes " were held at Eccles, and
bull
 -baiting,
bear
 -baiting and cock-fighting were carried on. Under Elizabeth these festivals, which had become notoriously disorderly, were abolished, but were revived under James I., and maintained until
late
  in the 19th century on public ground. The cockpit remained on the site of the present town hall. A celebration on private property still recalls these wakes.


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