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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: DRO-ECG |
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EAST ANGLIA , one of the kingdoms into which Anglo-Saxon Britain was divided. Bede gives no information about its origin except that its earliest settlers were Angles. The kingdom of East Anglia comprised the two counties of Norfolk and Suffolk. With regard to the western boundary we have no accurate information, but it was probably formed by the fens of Cambridgeshire. This kingdom first appears in Bede's narrative early in the 7th century, when its power was at its height. Towards the end of the reign of /Ethelberht, who died about 616, Rxdwald of East Anglia, who had apparently spent some time at the court of Kent, began to win for himself the chief
pagan
pagan
Felix
Burgh Castle. Before 644, however, Sigeberht resigned the crown in favour of his brother Ecgric and retired to a monastery. Shortly afterwards both brothers were slain by Penda of Mercia in his invasion of East Anglia, and Anna became king. This king was an enthusiastic Christian, and converted Ccenwalh, king of Wessex, who had fled to his court. Two of his daughters, Sxthryth and /Ethelberg, took the veil; while another, Sexburg, was married to Earconberht, king of Kent; and a fourth, AEthelthryth, after two marriages, with Tondberht of the South Gyrwe and Ecgfrith of Northumbria, became abbess of Ely. In 654 Anna was slain by Penda of Mercia, and was succeeded by his brother lEthelhere, who was killed in 6S5 at the Winwaed, fighting for the Mercian king against Oswio of Northumbria. In 673 Archbishop Theodore divided the East Anglian diocese into two, Elmham being the seat of the northern, Dunwich that of the southern bishop. A long blank follows in the history of this kingdom, until in 792 we find Offa of Mercia slaying lEthelb_.rht, king of East Anglia, who is said to have been his son-in-law. East Anglia was subject to the supremacy of the Mercian kings until 825, when its people slew Beornwulf of Mercia, and with their king acknowledged Ecgberht (Egbert) of Wessex as their lord. In 87o Edmund, king of East Anglia, was killed by the Danes under I'varr and Ubbi, the sons of Ragnar Lot brok.The following is a list
After the death of Ragnar Lobbrok's sons East Anglia was occupied by the Danish king Guthrum, who made a treaty with Alfred settling their respective boundaries, probably about 880. Guthrum died in 890. A later king named Eohric took up the cause of /Ethelwald, the son of /Ethelred I., and was slain in the fight with the Kentish army at the Holm in 905. A war broke out with King Edward the Elder in 913; in 921 a king whose name is unknown was killed at the fall of Tempsford, and in the same year the Danes of East Anglia submitted to Edward the Elder. From this time, probably, East Anglia was governed by English earls, the most famous of whom were /Ethelstan, surnamed Half - King (932-956) and his sons, iEthelwold (956-962), and IEthelwine, surnamed Dei amicus (962-992). See Bede, Hist. Eccl. (ed. C. Plummer, Oxford, 1896), ii. 5, 15, iii. 7, 8, 18-20, 22, iv. 3, 5, 23; Saxon Chronicle (ed. Earle and Plummer, Oxford, 1899), s. a. 823, 838, 866, 87o, 88o, 885, 89o, 894, 905, 921; Historia Brittonun, (San-Marte, 1844), s. 59; H. Sweet, Oldest English Texts, p. 171 (London, 1885). (F. G. M. B.) End of Article: EAST ANGLIA If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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