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Encyclopedia Britannica



DURAN

This article appears in Volume V08, Page 692 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: DRO-ECG
DURAN , a Jewish Provencal family of rabbis and scholars, of whom the following are the most important.
I. PROFIAT DURAN, called also EPH0DI. He was in 1391 compelled to profess Christianity, but remained devoted to Judaism. His
chief
  works were grammatical and philosophical. In the former
realm
  his most important contribution was the Ma'aseh `
Ephod
  (completed in 1403); in the latter, his commentary to the Guide of the Perplexed by Maimonides (q.v.).
2. SIMON BEN ZEMAII DURAN (1361-1441),
rabbi
  of Algiers. He was one of the first of the medieval rabbis to be a salaried official of the
synagogue
 . Before the 14th
century
  the rabbinical post had been almost invariably honorary, and filled by men who derived their income from a profession, epecially
medicine
 . Duran wrote a systematic
work
  on theology, Magen 'Aboth, but is chiefly famous for his numerous Responsa (known as Tashbaz) published in three vols. in 1738-1739. These Responsa," Answers to questions sent from many lands," give valuable information as to social and religious conditions in the, earlier
part
  of the 15th
century
 . (I. A.)


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