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Encyclopedia Britannica



DUPUYTREN, GUILLAUME, BARON (1777-1835)

This article appears in Volume V08, Page 691 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: DRO-ECG
DUPUYTREN, GUILLAUME, BARON (1777-1835) , French anatomist and surgeon, was born on the 6th of October 1777 at Pierre Buffiere (Haute
Vienne
 ). He studied
medicine
  in Paris at the newly established Ecole de Medecine, and was appointed by competition prosector when only eighteen years of age. ,His early studies were directed chiefly to morbid anatomy. In 1803 he was appointed assistant-surgeon at the Hotel-Dieu, and in 1811 professor of operative surgery in succession to R. B. Sabatier (1732-1811). In 1815 he was appointed to the chair of clinicalsurgery, and became head surgeon at the Hotel-Dieu. Dupuytren's energy and industry were alike remarkable. He visited the Hotel-Dieu morning and evening, performing at each time several operations, lectured to vast throngs of students, gave advice to his outdoor patients, and fulfilled the duties consequent upon one of the largest practices of
modern
  times. By his indefatigable activity he amassed a fortune of 300,000, the bulk of which he bequeathed to his daughter, with the deduction of considerable sums for the endowment of the anatomical chair in the Ecole de Medecine, and the
establishment
  of a benevolent institution for distressed medical men. The most important of Dupuytren's writings is his Treatise on Artificial Anus, in which he applied the principles laid down by John
Hunter
 . In his operations he was remarkable for his skill and dexterity, and for his
great
  readiness of resource. He died in Paris on the 8th of
February
  1835.


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