DUMP

This article appears in Volume V08, Page 668 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: DRO-ECG

DUMP . (I) (Of obscure origin; corresponding in form and possibly connected with the word, are the Mid. Dutch clomp, mist or haze, and the Ger. dumpf, dull or dazed), a state of wonder, perplexity or melancholy. The word thus occurs particularly in the plural, in such phrases as " doleful dumps." It was also formerly used for a tune, especially one of a mournful kind, a dirge. (2) (Connected with " dumpy," but appearing later than that word, and also of obscure origin), something short and thick, and hence used of many objects such as a lead counter or

medal

MEDAL (Fr. medaille, from Lat. metallum)

, of a coin formerly used in Australia, formed by punching a circular piece out of a Spanish dollar, and of a short thick bolt used in shipbuilding. (3) (Probably of Norse origin, cf. Nor. dumpa, and Dan. dumpe, meaning " to fall " suddenly, with a bump), to throw down in a heap, and hence
particularly applied to the depositing of any large quantity of material, to the

shooting

SHOOTING

of rubbish, or tilting a load from a cart. It is thus used of the method of disposal.of the masses of

gravel

GRAVEL, or PEBBLE BEDS

, &c., disintegrated by water in the hydraulic method of gold

mining

MINING

. A " dump " or " dumping-ground " is thus the place where such

waste

WASTE (O. Fr. wast, guast, gast, gaste; Lat. vastus, vast, desolate)

material is deposited. The use of the

term

TERM

" dumping" in the economics of

international

INTERNATIONAL, THE

trade

has come into prominence in the tariff reform controversy in the United Kingdom. It is sometimes used loosely of the importing of foreign goods at prices below those ruling in the importing country; but strictly the

term

TERM

is applied to the importing, at a price below the cost of production, of the surplus of manufactures of a foreign country over and above what has been disposed of in its

home

market. The ability to sell such a surplus in a foreign market below the cost of production depends on the prices of the

home

market being artificially sustained at a sufficiently high level by a

monopoly

MONOPOLY (Gr. govomeXla or govoircaXwv, exclusive sale, from govds, alone, and irwXeiv, to sell)

or by a tariff or by bounties. An essential factor in the cperation of " dumping " is the lessening of the whole cost of production by manufacture on a large scale.

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