DOUVILLE, JEAN BAPTISTE (1794?-1837)

This article appears in Volume V08, Page 451 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: DIO-DRO

DOUVILLE, JEAN BAPTISTE (1794?-1837) , French traveller, was born at Hambye, in the department of Manche. Having at an early age inherited a fortune, he decided to gratify his

taste

TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

for foreign travel. According to his own profession he visited India, Kashmir, Khorasan, Persia,

Asia

ASIA

Minor

and many parts of Europe. In 1826 he went to

South

SOUTH
SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

America, and in 1827 left Brazil for the Portuguese possessions on the west

coast

COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

of Africa, where his presence in March 1828 is proved by the mention made of him in letters of Castillo Branco; the

governor

GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

-general of

Loanda

LOANDA (Sao Paulo de Loanda)

. In May 1831 he reappeared in France, claiming to have pushed his explorations into the very heart of central Africa. His story was readily accepted by the Societe de Geographie of Paris, which hastened. to recognize his services by assigning him the

great

GREAT

gold medal, and appointing him their secretary for the year 1832. On the publication of his narrative, Voyage au Congo et dans l'interieur de l'Afrique equinoxiale, which occupied three volumes and was accompanied by an elaborate atlas, public enthusiasm ran high. Before the year 1832 was out, however, it was established that Douville's Voyage was romance and not verity. He had probably been inspired by the

appearance

APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

of Rene Caillie's account of his journey to Timbuktu, and wished to obtain a share of the fame attaching to African explorers. Douville tried vainly to establish the truth of his story in Ma Defense (1832), and Trente mois de ma vie, ou quinze mois avant et quinze mois arres mon voyage au Congo (1833). Mlle Audrun, a lady to whom he was about to be married, committed suicide from grief at the disgrace; and the adventurer withdrew in 1833 to Brazil, and proceeded to make explorations in the valley of the Amazon. According to Dr G. Gardner, in his Travels in the Interior of Brazil (1846), he was murdered in 1837 on the banks of the Sao Francisco for charging too high for his medical assistance. Douville may well have explored part of the province of Angola, and Sir Richard Burton maintained that the Frenchman's descriptions of the country of the Congo were life-like; that his observations on the anthropology, ceremonies, customs and maladies of the people were remarkably accurate; and that even the native words used in his narrative were " for the most part given with unusual correctness." It has been shown, however, that the

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

source of Douville's inspiration was a number of unpublished Portuguese manuscripts to which he had access.

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