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Encyclopedia Britannica



DOMINUS (from an Indo-European root dam-, cf. Gr. Sapav, to subdue, and Eng. " tame ")

This article appears in Volume V08, Page 405 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: DIO-DRO
DOMINUS (from an Indo-European root dam-, cf. Gr. Sapav, to subdue, and Eng. " tame ") , the Latin word for master or owner. As a title of sovereignty the
term
  under the republic at Rome had all the associations of the Greek rupavvos; refused during the early principate, it finally became an official title of the Roman emperors under Diocletian.
Dominus
 , the French equivalent being sieur, was the Latin title of the feudal (superior and mesne) lords, and also"an ecclesiastical and academical title. The ecclesiastical title was rendered in
English
  " sir," which was a common prefix before the Reformation for
parsons
 , as in ' Sir Hugh Evans" in Shakespeare's Merry Wives of Windsor. The academical use was for a
bachelor
  of arts, and so is still used at
Cambridge
  and other universities. The shortened form " dom " is used as a prefix of honour for ecclesiastics of the Roman
Church
 , and especially for members of the
Benedictine
  and other religious orders. The same form is also a title of honour in Portugal, as formerly in Brazil, used by members of the blood royal and others on whom it has been conferred by the sovereign. The Spanish form " don " is also a title, formerly applicable only to the
nobility
 , and now one of courtesy and respect applied to any member of the better classes. The feminine form " donna " is similarly applied to a lady. The
English
  colloquial use of " don" for a fellow or tutor of a college at a university is derived either from an application of the Spanish title to one having authority or position, or from the academical use of
dominus
 . The earliest use of the word in this sense appears, according to the New English Dictionary, in
South
 's Sermons (166o). An English corruption " dan " was in early use as a title of respect, equivalent to " master." The particular literary application to poets is due to Spenser's use of " Dan Chaucer, well of English undefyled
(Faery Queen, IV. ii. 32).


End of Article: DOMINUS (from an Indo-European root dam-, cf. Gr. Sapav, to subdue, and Eng. " tame ")


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