DODSLEY, ROBERT (1703-1764)

This article appears in Volume V08, Page 373 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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DODSLEY, ROBERT (1703-1764) , English bookseller and miscellaneous writer, was born in 1703 near Mansfield,

Nottinghamshire

NOTTINGHAMSHIRE, or NOTTS

, where his father was master of the free school. He is said to have been apprenticed to a stocking-weaver in Mansfield, from whom he ran away, taking service as a footman. In 1729 Dodsley published his first work, Servitude; a Poem .. . written by a Footman, with a preface and postscript ascribed to Daniel Defoe; and a collection of short poems, A Muse in Livery, or the Footman's Miscellany, was published by subscription in 1732, Dodsley's patrons comprising many persons of high rank. This was followed by a satirical farce called The Toyshop (Covent Garden, 1735), in which the toyman indulges in moral observations on his wares, a hint which was probably taken from Thomas Randolph's Conceited Pedlar. The profits accruing from the sale of his works enabled Dodsley to establish himself with the help ofhis friendsPope lent him xooas a bookseller at the " Tully's Head " in

Pall

PALL

Mall in 1735. His enterprise soon made him one of the foremost publishers of the day. One of his first publications was Dr Johnson's London, for which he gave ten guineas in 1738. He published many of Johnson's works, and he suggested and helped to finance the English Dictionary. Pope also made over to Dodsley his

interest

INTEREST

in his letters. In 1738 the publication of Paul Whitehead's Manners, voted scandalous by the Lords, led to a short imprisonment. Dodsley published for Edward Young and Mark Akenside, and in 1751 brought out Thomas Gray's Elegy. He also founded several literary

periodicals

PERIODICALS

: The Museum (1746-1767, 3 vols.); The Preceptor containing a general course of education (1748, 2 vols.), with an introduction by Dr Johnson; The World (1753-1756, 4 vols.); and The Annual Register, founded in 1758 with Edmund

Burke

as editor. To these various works,

Horace

HORACE [QuINTus HORATIUS FLACCUS] (65-8 B.C.)

Walpole, Akenside, Soame Jenyns, Lord Lyttelton, Lord Chesterfield,

Burke

and others were contributors. Dodsley is, however, best known as the editor of two collections: Select Collection of Old Plays (12 vols., 1744; 2nd edition with notes by Isaac Reed, 12 vols., 1780; 4th edition, by W. C. Hazlitt, 1874-1876, 15 vols.); and A collection of Poems by Several Hands (1748, 3 vols.), which passed through many editions. In 1737 his King and the Miller of Mansfield, a " dramatic tale " of King Henry II., was produced at Drury Lane, and received with much applause; the sequel, Sir John Cockle at Court, a farce, appeared in 1738. In 1745 he published a collection of his dramatic works, and some poems which had been issued separately, in one volume under the modest title of Trifles. This was followed by The

Triumph

TRIUMPH (triumphus)

of Peace, a Masque occasioned by the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1749); a fragment, entitled Agriculture, of a long tedious poem in blank verse on Public Virtue (1753); The Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green (acted at Drury Lane 1739, printed 1741); and an ode, Melpomene (1757) His tragedy of Cleone (1758) had a long run at Covent Garden, 2000 copies being sold on the day of publication, and it passed through four editions within the year. Lord Chesterfield is, however, almost certainly the author of the

series

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

of mock chronicles of which The Chronicle of the Kings of England by " Nathan ben Saddi " (1740) is the first, although they were included in the Trifles and " ben Saddi " was received as Dodsley's pseudonym. The

Economy

ECONOMY

of Human Life (175o), a collection of moral precepts frequently reprinted, is also by Lord Chesterfield. In 1759 Dodsley retired, leaving the conduct of the business to his brother James (1724-1797), with whom he had been many years in partnership. He published two more works, The Select Fables of Aesop translated. by R. D. (1764) and the Works of William Shenstone (3 vols., 1764-1769). He died at Durham while on a visit to his friend the Rev. Joseph Spence, on the 23rd of September 1764.
See also Shadows of the Old Booksellers, by Charles Knight (1865), pp. 189-216; " At Tully's Head " in Eighteenth Century Vignettes, 2nd

series

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

, by Austin

Dobson

DOBSON, HENRY AUSTIN (184o- )
DOBSON, WILLIAM (16ro-1646)

(1894); E. Solly in The Bibliographer, v. (1884) pp. 57-61. Dodsley's poems are reprinted with a memoir in A. Chalmers's Works of English Poets, vol. xv. (181o).

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