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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: DIO-DRO |
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DOCTRINAIRES , the name given to the leaders of the moderate and constitutional Royalists in France after the second restoration of Louis XVIII. in 1815. The name, as has often been the case with party designations, was at first given in derision, and by an enemy. In 1816 the Nain jaune refugie, a French paper published at Brussels by Bonapartist and Liberal exiles, began to speak of M. Royer-Collard as the " doctrinaire " and also as le pere Royer-Collard de la doctrine chretienne. The peres de la doctrine chretienne, popularly known as the " doctrinaires," were a French religious order founded in 1592 by Cesar de Bus. The choice of a nickname for M. Royer-Collard does credit to the journalistic insight of the contributors to the Nain jaune refugie, for he was emphatically a man who made it his business to preach a doctrine and an orthodoxy. The popularity of the name and its rapid extension to M. Royer-Collard's colleagues is the sufficient proof that it was well chosen and had more than a personal application. These colleagues came, it is true, from various quarters. The duc de Richelieu and M. de Serre had been Royalist emigres during the revolutionary and imperial. epoch. MM. Royer-Collard himself, Latne, and Maine de Biran had sat in the revolutionary Assemblies. MM. Pasquier, Beugnot , de Barante, Cuvier, Mounier, Guizot and Decazes had been imperial officials. But they were closely united by political principle, and also by a certain similarity of method. Some of them, notably Guizot and Maine de Biran,were theorists and commentators on the principles of government. M. de Barante was an eminent man of letters. All were noted for the doctrinal coherence of their principles and the dialectical rigidity of their arguments. The object of the party as defined by M. (afterwards the due) Decazes was to " nationalize the monarchy and to royalize France." The means by which they hoped to attain this end were a loyal application of the charter granted by Louis XVIII., and the steady co-operation of the king with the moderate Royalists to defeat the extreme party known as the Ultras, who aimed at the complete undoing of the political and social work
great
majority of the voters. Their views were set forth by Guizot in 1816 in his treatise Du gouvernement representatif et de l'etat actuel de la France. The chief
press
Napoleon
separate
The word " doctrinaire " has become naturalized in English terminology, as applied, in a slightly contemptuous sense, to a theorist, as distinguished from a practical
See Duvergier de Hauranne, Histoire du gouvernement parlementaire en France (Paris, 1857-1871), vol. iii. End of Article: DOCTRINAIRES If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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