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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: DIO-DRO |
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DIU , an island and town of India, belonging to Portugal, and situated at the southern extremity of the peninsula of Kathiawar. Area of district
wall
Banyan merchants of the east
coast
See R. S. Whiteway, Rise of the Portuguese Power in India (1898). DIURETICS (from Gr. &a, through, and ofipeiv, pass urine), -DIVAN 325 the name given to remedies which, under certain conditions, stimulate an increased flow of urine. Their mode of action is various. Some are absorbed into the blood, carried to the secretory organs (the kidneys), and stimulate them directly, causing an increased flow of blood; others act as stimulants through the nervous system. A second class act in congested conditions of the kidneys by diminishing the congestion. Another class, such as the saline diuretics, are effectual by virtue of their osmotic action. A fourth class are diuretic by increasing the blood pressure within the vessels in general, and the Malpighian tufts in particular,some, as digitalis, by increasing the strength of the heart's contractions, and others, as water, by increasing the amount of fluid circulating in the vessels. Some remedies, as mercury, although not diuretic themselves, when prescribed along with those which have this action, increase. their effect. The same remedy may act in more than one way, e.g. alcohol, besides stimulating the secretory organs directly, is a stimulant to the circulation, and thus increases the pressure within the vessels. Diuretics are prescribed when the quantity of urine is much diminished, or when, although the quantity may be normal, it is wished to relieve some other organ or set of organs of part of their ordinary work
Bright 's disease, as it increases the tension of the pulse
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