DIEBITSCH, HANS KARL FRIEDRICH ANTON

This article appears in Volume V08, Page 209 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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DIEBITSCH, HANS KARL FRIEDRICH ANTON , count von

Diebitsch

DIEBITSCH, HANS KARL
FRIEDRICH
- FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )
ANTON

and Narden, called by the Russians Ivan Ivanovich, Count Diebich-Zabalkansky (1785-1831), Russian field-marshal, was born in Silesia on the 13th of May 1785. He was educated at the Berlin cadet school, but by the desire of his father, a Prussian officer who had passed into the service of Russia, he also did the same in 1801. He served in the campaign of 1805, and was wounded at Austerlitz, fought at

Eylau

EYLAU (Preussisch-Eylau)

and Friedland, and after Friedland was promoted captain. During the next five years of peace he devoted himself to the study of military science, engaging once more in active service in the War of 1812. He distinguished himself very greatly in

Wittgenstein

WITTGENSTEIN, LUDWIG ADOLF PETER, COUNT

's campaign, and in particular at Polotzk (October 18 and 19), after which combat he was raised to the rank of major-general. In the latter part of the campaign he served against the Prussian contingent of General Yorck (von Wartenburg), with whom, through Clausewitz, he negotiated the celebrated convention of Tauroggen, serving thereafter with Yorck in the early part of the War of Liberation. After the battle of Liftzen he served in Silesia and took part in negotiating the

secret

SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

treaty of Reichenbach. Having distinguished himself at the battles of Dresden and

Leipzig

LEIPZIG

he was promoted lieutenant-general. At the crisis of the campaign of 1814 he strongly urged the march of the allies on Paris; and after their entry the emperor Alexander conferred on him the order of St Alexander Nevsky. In 1815 he attended the congress of Vienna, and was afterwards made adjutant-general to the emperor, with whom, as also with his successor Nicholas, he had

great

GREAT

influence. By Nicholas he was created baron, and later count. In 182o he had become

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

of the general staff, and in 1825 he assisted in suppressing the St

Petersburg

PETERSBURG

emeute. His greatest exploits were in the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829, which, after a period of doubtful contest, was decided by

Diebitsch

FRIEDRICH
- FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )
_.html">DIEBITSCH, HANS KARL FRIEDRICH ANTON

's brilliant campaign of Adrianople; this won him the rank of field-marshal and the honorary title of Zabalkanski to commemorate his crossing of the Balkans. In 183o he was appointed to command the

great

GREAT

army destined to suppress the insurrection in Poland. He won the terrible battle of Grechow on the 25th of February, and was again victorious at Ostrolenka on the 26th of May, but soon afterwards he died of cholera (or by his own hand) at Klecksewo near Pultusk, on the loth of June 1831.
See Belmont (Schumberg), Graf Diebitsch (Dresden, 1830) ; Sturmer, Der Tod des Grafen Diebitsch (Berlin, 1832) ; Bantych-Kamenski, Biographies of Russian Field-Marshals (in Russian, St

Petersburg

PETERSBURG

, 1841).

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