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Encyclopedia Britannica



DESIDERIUS

This article appears in Volume V08, Page 95 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: DEM-DIO
DESIDERIUS , the last king of the Lombards, is chiefly known through his connexion with Charlemagne. He was duke of Tuscany and became king of the Lombards after the death of Aistulf in 756. Seeking, like his predecessors, to extend the Lombard power in Italy, he came into collision with the papacy, and about 772 the new
pope
 , Adrian I., implored the aid of Charlemagne against him. Other causes of quarrel already existed between the Frankish and the Lombard kings. In 770 Charlemagne had married a daughter of Desiderius; but he soon put this lady away, and sent her back to her father. Moreover, Gerberga, the widow of Charlemagne's brother Carloman, had sought the
protection
  of the Lombard king after her husband's death in 771; and in return for the slight cast upon his daughter, Desiderius had recognized Gerberga's sons as the lawful Frankish kings, and had attacked Adrian for refusing to crown them, Such was the position when Charlemagne led his troops across the Alps in 773, took the Lombard
capital
 ,
Ticinum
 , the
modern
  Pavia, in June 774, and added the kingdom of Lombardy to his own dominions. Desiderius was carried to France, where he died, and his son, Adalgis, spent his
life
  in futile attempts to recover his father's kingdom. The name of Desiderius appears in the romances of the Carolingian period.
See S. Abel, Untergang des Langobardenreichs (Gottingen, 1859) ; and 7ahrbilcher des frdnkischen Reiches unter Karl dem Grossen (
Leipzig
 , 1865) ; L. M. Hartmann, Geschichte Italiens im Mittelalter (Gotha, 1903) ; and
Paulus
  Diaconus, Historia Langobardorum, edited by L. Bethmann and G.
Waitz
  (Hanover, 1878).


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