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Encyclopedia Britannica



DAPHNAE (Tahpanhes, Taphne; mod. Defenneh)

This article appears in Volume V07, Page 825 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: DAH-DEM
DAPHNAE (Tahpanhes, Taphne; mod. Defenneh) , an ancient fortress near the Syrian frontier of
Egypt
 , on the Pelusian arm of the Nile. Here King Psammetichus established a garrison of foreign mercenaries, mostly Carians and Ionian Greeks (Herodotus ii. 154). After the destruction of Jerusalem by
Nebuchadrezzar
  in 588 B.C., the Jewish fugitives, of whom Jeremiah was one, came to Tahpanhes. When Naucratis was given by Amasis II. the monopoly of Greek
traffic
 , the Greeks were all removed from Daphnae, and the place never recovered its prosperity ; in Herodotus's time the deserted remains of the docks and buildings were visible. The site was discovered by Prof. W. M. Flinders
Petrie
  in 1886; the name " Castle of the Jew's Daughter " seems to preserve the tradition of the Jewish refugees. There is a massive fort and enclosure; the
chief
  discovery was a large number of fragments of pottery, which are of
great
  importance for the chronology of vase-
painting
 , since they must belong to the time between Psammetichus and Amasis, i.e. the end of the 7th or the beginning of the 6th century B.C. They show the characteristics of Ionian art, but their shapes and other details testify to their local manufacture.
See W.M. F.
Petrie
 , Tanis II., Nebesheh, and Defenneh (th Memoir of the
Egypt
  Exploration Fund, 1888). E. GR.) DAPHNE (Gr. for a laurel tree), in Greek mythology, the daughter of the Arcadian river-god Ladon or the Thessalian Peneus, or of the Laconian Amyclas. She was beloved by Apollo, and when pursued by him was changed by her
mother
  Gaea into a laurel tree sacred to the god (Ovid, Metam. 452-567). In the Peloponnesian legends, another suitor of Daphne, Leucippus, son of
Oenomaus
  of Pisa, disguised himself as a girl and joined her companions. His sex was discovered while bathing, and he was slain by the nymphs (Pausanias viii. 2o;
Parthenius
 , Erotica, 15).


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