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Encyclopedia Britannica



DANAUS

This article appears in Volume V07, Page 793 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: DAH-DEM
DANAUS , in Greek legend, son of Belus, king of
Egypt
 , and twin-brother of Aegyptus. He was born at Chemmis (Panopolis) in
Egypt
 , buthavingbeendriven out byhis brother he fled with his fifty daughters to Argos, the
home
  of his ancestress lo. Here he became king and taught the inhabitants of the country to dig wells. In the meantime the fifty sons of Aegyptus arrived in Argos, and Danaus was obliged to consent to their
marriage
  with his daughters. But to each of these he gave a knife with injunctions to slay her
husband
  on the
marriage
  night. They all obeyed except Hyperm(n)estra, who spared Lynceus. She was brought to trial by her father, acquitted and afterwards married to her lover. Being unable to find suitors for the other daughters, Danaus offered them in marriage to the youths of the
district
  who proved themselves victorious in racing contests (
Pindar
 , Pythia, ix. 117). According to another story, Lynceus slew Danaus and his daughters and seized the throne of Argos (schol. on Euripides, Hecuba, 886). By way of expiation for their crime the Danaides were condemned to the endless task of filling with water a
vessel
  which had no bottom. This
punishment
 , originally inflicted on those who neglected certain mystic
rites
 , was transferred to those who, like the Danaides, despised the mystic rite of marriage; cf. the water-bearing figure (Aovrpocbbpos) on the grave of unmarried persons. The murder of the sons of Aegyptus by their wives is supposed to represent the drying up of the rivers and springs of Argolis in summer by the agency of the nymphs.
Apollodorus ii. 1 ;
Horace
 , Odes, iii. I I ; O. Waser, in Archiv fur Religionswissenschaft, ii. Heft 1, 1899; articles in Pauly-Wissowa's Realencyclopadie and W. H. Roscher's Lexikon der Mythologie; Campbell Bonner, in Harvard Studies, xiii. (1902).


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