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Encyclopedia Britannica



CYCLOPES (KUKXW9rer, the round-eyed, plural of Cyclops)

This article appears in Volume V07, Page 686 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CRE-DAH
CYCLOPES (KUKXW9rer, the round-eyed, plural of Cyclops) , a type of beings variously described in Greek mythology. In
Homer
  they are gigantic cave-dwellers, cannibals having only one eye, living a
pastoral
  life in the far west (Sicily), ignorant of law and order, fearing neither gods nor men. The most prominent among them was
Polyphemus
 . In Hesiod ( Theogony, 264) they are the three sons of Uranus and GaeaBrontes, Steropes and Arges,
storm
 -gods belonging to the family of the Titans, who furnished Zeus with thunder and lightning out of gratitude for his having released them from Tartarus. They were slain by Apollo for having forged the thunderbolt with which Zeus slew Asclepius. Later legend transferred their abode to Mt Aetna, the Lipari islands or Lemnos, where they assisted
Hephaestus
  at his forge. A third class of Cyclopes are the builders of the so-called " Cyclopean " walls of Mycenae and Tiryns, giants with arms in their belly, who were said to have been brought by Proetus from
Lycia
  to Argos, his
original
 
home
  (Pausanias ii. 16. 5; 25. 8). Like the Curetes and Telchines they are mythical types of pre-historic workmen and architects, and as such the objects of
worship
 .
The standard
work
  on these and similar mythological characters is M. Mayer, Die Giganten and Titanen (1887); see also A. Boltz, Die Kyklopen (1885), who endeavours to show that they were an historical people; W. Mannhardt, Wald- and Feldkulte (1904); J. E. Harrison, Myths of the Odyssey (1882); and article in Roscher's Lexikon der Mythologie (bibliography).


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