CRELL (or KRELL), NICHOLAS (c. 15511601)

This article appears in Volume V07, Page 403 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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CRELL (or KRELL), NICHOLAS (c. 15511601) , chancellor of the elector of Saxony, was born at

Leipzig

LEIPZIG

, and educated at the university of his native town. About 1580 he entered the service of Christian, the eldest son of

Augustus

AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

I., elector of Saxony, and when Christian succeeded his father as elector in 1586, be-came his most influential counsellor.

Crell

CRELL (or KRELL), NICHOLAS (c. 1551–1601)

's religious views were Calvinistic or Crypto-Calvinistic, and both before and after his appointment as chancellor in 1589 he sought to substitute his own form of faith for the Lutheranism which was the accepted religion of electoral Saxony. Calvinists were appointed to many important ecclesiastical and educational offices; a translation of the Bible with Calvinistic annotations was brought out; and other

measures

MEASURES

were taken by

Crell

CRELL (or KRELL), NICHOLAS (c. 1551–1601)

to attain his end. In foreign politics, also, he sought to

change

CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

the traditional policy of Saxony, acting in unison with John Casimir,

administrator

ADMINISTRATOR

of the Rhenish Palatinate, and promising assistance to

Henry

IV. of France. These proceedings, coupled with the jealousy felt at Crell's high position and autocratic conduct, made the chancellor very unpopular, and when the elector died in October 1591 he was deprived of his offices and thrown into prison by order of Frederick William, duke of Saxe-Altenburg, the regent for the

young

elector Christian II. His trial was delayed until 1595, and then, owing partly to the interference of the imperial court of justice (Reichskammergericht), dragged on for six years. At length it was referred by the emperor Rudolph II. to a court
of appeal at Prague, and sentence of death was passed. This was carried out at Dresden on the 9th of October 16or.
See A. V. Richard, Der kurfurstliche sachsische Kanzler Dr Nicolaus Krell (Frankfort, 186o) ; B. Bohnenstadt, Das Prozessverfahren gegen den kursachsischen Kanzler Dr Nikolaus Krell (

Halle

, 1901); F. Brandes, Der Kanzler Krell, ein Opfer des Orthodoxismus (

Leipzig

LEIPZIG

, 1873); and E. L. T. Henke, Caspar Peucer and Nicolaus Krell (Marburg, 1865).

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