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Encyclopedia Britannica



CRAFT (a word common to Teutonic languages for strength, or power; cf. Ger. Kraft)

This article appears in Volume V07, Page 360 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: COR-CRE
CRAFT (a word common to Teutonic languages for strength, or power; cf. Ger. Kraft) , a word confined in
English
  only, of the Teutonic
languages
  in which it occurs, to intellectual
power
 , and used as a synonym of " art." It then means skill or ingenuity, especially in the
manual
  arts, hence its use in the expression " Arts and Crafts " (q.v.), and it is 'thus applied to the
trade
  or profession in which such skill is displayed, to an association of workmen of a particular
trade
 , a trade gild, and in particular to Freemasons, " the
craft
  "; the word appears also in words such as " handicraft " or " craftsman." Skill applied to outwit or deceive gives the common sense of cunning or trickery, and it is this meaning which is implied in such combined words as "priestcraft," "witchcraft" and the like. A more particular use of the word is in the nautical sense of vessels of transport by
water
 ; this is probably a colloquially shortened form either of " vessels of a fisherman's, lighterman's &c.,
craft
 ," i.e. " art," or of " vessels of a heavier or lighter craft," i.e. burden or capacity; in both cases the , qualifying words are dropped and the word comes to be used of vessels in
general
 .


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