COUTTS, THOMAS (1735-1822)

This article appears in Volume V07, Page 337 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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COUTTS, THOMAS (1735-1822) , English banker and founder of the banking

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

of Coutts & Co., was born on the 7th of September 1735. He was the fourth son of John Coutts (1699-1751), who carried on business in Edinburgh as a corn factor and negotiator of bills of exchange, and who in 1742 was elected lord provost of the city. The family was originally of Montrose, but one of its members had settled at Edinburgh about 1696. Soon after the death of John Coutts the business was divided into two branches, one carried on in Edinburgh, the other in London. The banking business hi London was in the hands of James and

Thomas

Coutts, sons of John Coutts. From the death of his brother in 1778,

Thomas

, as surviving partner, became sole head of the firm; and under his direction the banking

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

rose to the highest distinction. His ambition was to establish his character as a man of business and to make a fortune; and he lived to succeed in this aim and long to enjoy his reputation and wealth. A

gentleman

GENTLEMAN (from Lat. gentilis, " belonging to a race or gens," and " man "; Fr. gentilhomme, Span. gentil hombre, Ital. gentil huomo, in its
original
- ORIGINAL
and strict signification, a term denoting a man of good family, the Lat. generosus (its invariable transl

in manners, hospitable and benevolent, he counted amongst his friends some of the literary men and the best actors of his day. Of the enormous wealth which came into his hands he made munificent use. His private life was not without its romantic elements. Soon after his

settlement

SETTLEMENT
SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

in London he married Elizabeth Starkey, a

young

woman of humble origin, who was in attendance on the daughter of his brother James. They lived happily together, and had three daughters
Susan, married in 1796 to the 3rd

earl

EARL

of Guilford; Frances, married in 1800 to John, 1st marquess of Bute; and

Sophia

SOPHIA (1630-1714)

, married in 1793 to Sir Francis Burdett. Mrs Coutts dying in 1815, her husband soon after married the popular actress, Harriet Mellon; and to her he left the whole of his immense fortune. He died in London on the 24th of February 1822. His widow married in 1827 the 9th duke of St Albans, and died ten years later, having bequeathed her property to Angela, youngest daughter of Sir Francis Burdett, who then assumed the additional name and arms of Coutts. In 1871 this lady was created Baroness Burdett-Coutts (q.v.).
See C. Rogers, Genealogical Memoirs of the Families of

Colt

COLT, SAMUEL (1814-1862)

and Coutts (1879); and R. Richardson, Coutts &' Co. (1900).

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