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Encyclopedia Britannica



CORSSEN, WILHELM PAUL (18201875)

This article appears in Volume V07, Page 205 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: COR-CRE
CORSSEN, WILHELM PAUL (18201875) , German philologist, was born at Bremen on the loth of January 182o, and received his school education in the Prussian town of Schwedt, to which his father, a merchant, had removed. After spending some time at the Joachimsthal Gymnasium in Berlin, where his
interest
  in philological pursuits was awakened by the
rector
 , Meinike, he proceeded to the university, and there came especially under the influence of Bockh and Lachmann. His first important
appearance
  in literature was as the author of Origines poesis romanae, by which he had obtained the prize offered by the " philosophical " or " arts " faculty of the university. In 1846 he was called from Stettin, where he had for nearly two years held a post in the gymnasium, to occupy the position of lecturer in the royal
academy
  at Pforta (commonly called Schulpforta), and there he continued to labour for the next twenty years. In 1854 he won a prize offered by the Royal Prussian
Academy
  of Sciences for the best
work
  on the pronuncia tion and
accent
  of Latin, a treatise which at once took rank, on its publication under the title of Uber Ausspraclie, Vocalismus, and Betonung der lateinischen Sprache (18581859), as one of the most erudite and masterly works in its department. This was followed in 1863 by his Kritische Beitrdge zur lat. Formenlehre, which were supplemented in 1866 by Kritische Nachtraige zur lat. Formenlehre. In the discussion of the pronunciation of Latin he was naturally led to consider the various old Italian' dialects, and the results of his investigations appeared in miscellaneous communications to Kuhn's Zeitschrift fur vergleichende Schriftforschung. Ill-health obliged him to give up his professor-ship at Pforta, and return to Berlin, in 1866; but it produced almost no diminution of his literary activity. In 1867 he published an elaborate archaeological study entitled the Alterthhmer and Kunstdenkmale des Cistercienserklosters St Marien and der Landesschule Pforta, in which he gathers together all that can be discovered about the history of the Pforta academy, the German " Eton," and in 18681869 he brought out a new edition of his
work
  on Latin pronunciation. From a very early period he had been attracted to the
special
  study of
Etruscan
  remains, and had at various times given occasional expression to his opinions on individual points; but it was not till 187o that he had the opportunity of visiting Italy and completing his equipment for a formal treatment of the whole subject by personal inspection of the monuments. In 1874 appeared the first volume of Uber die Sprache der Etrusker, in which with
great
  ingenuity and erudition he endeavoured to prove that the
Etruscan
  language was cognate with that of the Romans. Before the second volume (published posthumously under the editorship of Kuhn) had received the last touches of his hand, he was cut off in 1875 by a comparatively early death.


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