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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: COR-CRE |
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CORPORAL . 1. (From Lat. corporalis, belonging to the corpus or body
punishment " (see below), or in " corporal works of mercy," for those acts confined to the succouring of the bodily needs, such as feeding the hungry, visiting the sick, rescuing captives. A " corporal oath " was sworn with the body
2. (From Lat. corporalis, sc. palla, or corporale, sc. gallium
chalice and paten. It was originally large enough to cover the whole surface of the altar, and was folded over so as to cover the chalicea custom still observed by the Carthusians. The chalice is now, however, covered by another small square of linen, stiffened withcardboard, &c., known as the pall
pall
bishop
special
3. (Of uncertain derivation; the French form caporal, and Ital. caporale, point to an origin from capo, Italian for head; the New English Dictionary, however, favours the derivation from Lat. corpus, Ital. corpo, body), a non-commissioned officer of infantry, cavalry and artillery, ranking below a sergeant. This rank is almost universal in armies. In the 16th and 17th centuries there were corporals but no sergeants in the cavalry, and this custom is preserved in the three regiments of British household cavalry, the rank of sergeant being replaced by that of " corporal of horse," and that of sergeant-major by " corporal-major." In the 16th and early 17th centuries the title " corporal of the field " was often given to a superior officer who acted as a staff-officer to the sergeant-major-general. In the navy the " ship's corporal," formerly a semi-military instructor to the crew
petty
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