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Encyclopedia Britannica



CORNEILLE, THOMAS (1625-1709)

This article appears in Volume V07, Page 167 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: COR-CRE
CORNEILLE, THOMAS (1625-1709) , French dramatist, was born at Rouen on the 20th of August 1625, being nearly twenty years younger than his brother, the
great
  Corneille. His skill in verse-making Seems to have shown itself early, as at the age of fifteen he composed a piece in Latin which was represented by his fellow-pupils at the
Jesuits
 ' college of Rouen. His first French play, Les Engagements du hasard, was acted in 1647. Le Feint Astrologue, imitated from the Spanish, and imitated by
Dryden
 , came next year. At his brother's death he succeeded to his vacant chair in the
Academy
 . He then turned his attention to philology, producing a new edition of the Remarques of C. F. Vaugelas i341687, and in 1694 a dictionary of technical terms, intended to supplement that of the
Academy
 . A complete
translation
  of Ovid's Metamorphoses (he had published six books with the heroic Epistles some years previously) followed in 1697. In 1 704 he lost his sight and was constituted a " veteran," a dignity which preserved to him the privileges, while it exempted him from the duties, of an academician. But he did not allow his misfortune to put a stop to his
work
 , and in 1708 produced a large Dictionnaire universel geographique et historique in three volumes folio. This was his last labour. He died at Les Andelys on the 8th of December 1709, aged eighty-four. It has been the custom to speak of
Thomas
  Corneille as of one who, but for the name he bore, would merit no notice. This is by no means the case; on the contrary, he is rather to be commiserated for,his connexion with a brother who outshone him as he would have outshone almost any one. But the two were strongly attached to one another, and practically lived in common. Of his
forty
 -two plays (this is the utmost number assigned to him) the last edition of his complete works contains only thirty-two, but he wrote several in conjunction with other authors. Two are usually reprinted as his masterpieces at the end of his brother's selected works. These are Ariane (1672) and the Comte d' Essex, in the former of which Rachel attained success. But of Laodice, Camma, Stilico and some other pieces, Pierre Corneille himself said that " he wished he had written them," and he was not wont to speak lightly. Gamma (1661, on the same story as Tennyson's Cup) especially deserves notice.
Thomas
  Corneille is in many ways remarkable in the literary gossip-history of his time. His Timecrate boasted of the longest run (8o nights) recorded of any play in the century. For La Devineresse'he and his coadjutor de Vise (1638-1710, founder of the Mercure plant, to which Thomas contributed) received above 60oo livres, the largest sum known to have been thus paid. Lastly, one of his pieces (Le Baron des Fondrieres) contests the honour of being


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