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Encyclopedia Britannica



CORMONTAINGNE, LOUIS DE (c. 16971752)

This article appears in Volume V07, Page 161 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: COM-COR
CORMONTAINGNE, LOUIS DE (c. 16971752) , French military engineer, was born at Strassburg. He was present as a volunteer at the sieges of Freiburg and Landau in the later years of the War of the Spanish Succession, and in 1715 he entered the engineers. After being stationed for some years at Strassburg he became captain, and was put in charge (at first in a sub-ordinate capacity, and subsequently as
chief
  engineer) of the new works, Forts Moselle and Bellecroix, at Metz, which he built according to his own
system
  of fortification. He was present at the siege of Philipsburg in 1733, and as a
lieutenant
 -colonel took part in most of the sieges in the Low Countries during the War of the Austrian Succession. He attained the rank of brigadier and finally that of marechal de camp, and was employed in fortification
work
  until his death. His Architecture militaire, written in 1714, was
long
  kept
secret
  by order of the authorities, but, an unauthorized edition having appeared at the Hague in 1741, he himself prepared another version called Premier memoire sur la fortification, which from 1741 onwards was followed by others. His ideas are closely modelled on those of Vauban (q.v.), and in his lifetime he was not considered the equal of such engineers as d'Asfeld and Filley. It was not until twenty years after his death that his
system
  became widely known.
Fourcroy
  de Rainecourt, then
chief
  of engineers, searching the archives for valuable matter,
chose
  the numerous memoirs of Cormontaingne for publication amongst engineer officers in 1776. Even then they only circulated privately, and it was not until the engineer Bousmard published Cormontaingne's Memorial de l'attaque des places (Berlin, 1803) that
Fourcroy
 , and after him General La Fitte de Claire, actually gave to the general public the tEuvres posthumes de Cormontaingne (Paris, 1806-1809).
His system of fortification was not marked by any
great
  originality of thought, which indeed could not be expected of a member of the corps du genie, the characteristics of which were a close caste spirit and an unquestioning reverence for the authority of Vauban. Forts Moselle and Bellecroix are still in existence.
See Von Brese-Winiari, Ober Entstehen etc. der neueren Befestigungsmethode (Berlin, 1844) ; Prevost du Vernois, De la fortification depuis Vauban (Paris, 1861) ; Cosseron de Villenoisy, Essai historique sur la fortification (Paris, 1869).


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