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Encyclopedia Britannica



CONSOLIDATION ACTS

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 979 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: COM-COR
CONSOLIDATION ACTS . To " consolidate " (Lat. consolidare, from con-, together, and solidus, firm) is to
press
  compactly together, put on a firm basis, and especially bring together into one strong whole. The practice of legislating for small portions of a subject only at a time, which is characteristic of the English
parliament
 , produces as a necessary consequence
great
  confusion in the
statute
  law. The acts relating to any subject of importance or difficulty will be found to be scattered over many years, and through the operation of clauses partially repealing or amending former acts, the final sense of the legislature becomes enveloped in unintelligible or contradictory expressions. Where opportunity offers, the law thus expressed in many statutes is sometimes recast in a single
statute
 , called a Consolidation Act. Among such are acts dealing with the customs, stamps and stamp duties, public
health
 , weights and
measures
 , sheriffs, coroners, county courts, housing, municipal corporations, libraries, trustees,
copyhold
 , diseases of animals, merchant shipping, friendly
societies
 , &c. These observations apply to the public general acts of the legislature. On the other hand, in settling private acts, such as those relating to railway and canal enterprise, the legislature always inserted certain clauses founded on reasons of public policy applicable to the business in question. To avoid the necessity of constantly re-enacting the same principles in private acts, their common clauses were embodied in
separate
  statutes, and their provisions are ordered to be incorporated in any private act of the description mentioned therein. Such are the Lands Clauses Acts, the Companies Clauses Acts and the Railways Clauses Acts.


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