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Encyclopedia Britannica



CONGRUOUS (from Lat. congruere, to agree)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 940 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: COM-COR
CONGRUOUS (from Lat. congruere, to agree) , that which corresponds to or agrees with anything; the derivation appears in " congruence," a
condition
  of such correspondence or agreement, a
term
  used particularly in
mathematics
 , e.g. for a doubly infinite
system
  of lines (see SURFACE), and in the theory of numbers, for the relation of two numbers, which, on being divided by a third number, known as the modulus, leave the same
remainder
  (see NUMBER). The similar word " congruity " is a
term
  of Scholastic theology in the
doctrine
  of merit. God's recompense for good works, if performed in a state of grace, is based on " condignity," meritum de condigno; if before such a state is reached, it should be fit or "
congruous
  " that God should recompense such works by conferring the " first grace," meritum de congruo. The term is also used in theology, in reference to the controversy between the
Jesuits
  and the
Dominicans
  on the subject of grace, at the end of the 16th
century
  (see MOLINA, Luis, and SUAREZ, FRANCISCO).


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