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Encyclopedia Britannica



CONFISCATION (from Lat. confiscare, to consign to the fiscus, or imperial treasury)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 907 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: COM-COR
CONFISCATION (from Lat. confiscare, to consign to the fiscus, or imperial treasury) , in
Roman
  law the seizure and
transfer
  of private property to the fiscus by the emperor; hence the appropriation, under legal authority, of private property to the state; in
English
  law the
term
  embraces
forfeiture
  (q.v.) in the
case
  of goods, and
escheat
  (q.v.) in the
case
  of lands, for crime or in default of heirs (see also EMINENT DOMAIN). Goods may also be confiscated by the state for breaches of statutes relating to customs,
excise
  or explosives. In the United States among the " war
measures
  " during the Civil War, acts were passed in 1861 and 1862 confiscating, respectively, property used for " insurrectionary purposes" and the property generally of those engaged in rebellion. The word is used, popularly, of spoliation under legal forms, or of any seizure of property without adequate compensation.


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