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Encyclopedia Britannica



COMMUNE (Med. Lat. communia, Lat. communis, common)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 784 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CLI-COM
COMMUNE (Med. Lat. communia, Lat. communis, common) , in its most general sense, a group of persons acting together for purposes of self-government, especially in towns. (See
BOROUGH
 , and COMMUNE, MEDIEVAL, below.) " Commune " (Fr. commune, Ital. comune, Ger. Gemeinde, &c.) is now the
term
  generally applied to the smallest administrative division in many
European
  countries. (See the sections dealing with the administration of these countries under their several headings.) " The Commune" is the name given to the period of the history of Paris from
March
  18 to May 28, 1871, during which the commune of Paris attempted to set up its authority against the National Assembly at
Versailles
 . It was a political
movement
 , intended to replace the centralized national organization by one based on a federation of communes. Hence the " communists " were also called " federalists." It had nothing to do with the social theories of Communism (q.v.). (See FRANCE: History.)


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